Journal of Educational Research and Social Sciences Review (JERSSR)

Assessing the Educational Landscape for Students with Intellectual Disability in Special Education Institutions: A Case Study in Punjab, Pakistan

Khaula Munawar Minhas — 2024-03-19

The current strategies for educational planning and assessment in Special Education Schools in Punjab, Pakistan, fall short in adequately supporting the school to community transition for students with intellectual disability. Despite the Special Education Department's emphasis on economic rehabilitation alongside education, achieving successful post school transitions and fostering independent living with meaningful employability remains a significant challenge for individuals with intellectual disability. This qualitative descriptive study explores the existing gaps in the implementation of educational planning and assessment strategies. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 7 purposively selected participants, including 3 teachers, 1 parent, 1 vocational teacher, and 2 administrators from special education schools catering to students with intellectual disability. Thematic analysis was applied to the collected data, revealed four prominent themes characterizing the situation of students with intellectual disability in these special education schools: 1) Curriculum Suitability for Post School Readiness; 2) Assessment and Monitoring Mechanism; 3) Causes of Underachievement; and 4) Available Support System. This study sheds light on critical areas requiring attention and improvement, offering valuable insights for teachers, policymakers, and stakeholders. It aims to enhance the educational experiences and future prospects of students with intellectual disability in special education institutions in Punjab, Pakistan.

Sino-India competition in South Asia: Can India counter the growing role of China?

Murad Ali — 2024-03-19

Ever since Beijing has launched its grand transcontinental Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), President Xi’s key foreign economic plan has ignited interest of policymakers and academia alike. This paper explores that under the BRI framework, China has invested billions of dollars in infrastructure-building in diverse regions across the globe, including South Asia where Beijing has expanded its footprints by implementing projects in various sectors. India, being wary of Chinese ambitions and intentions, has declined to join the venture as it has reservations over Xi’s ‘project of the century’. In response, India has come up with various initiatives to counter the growing role of Beijing in South Asia and beyond. Key Indian initiatives are examined aimed at rivalling China. For enhancing regional integration and connectivity, India, in partnership with Japan, has launched Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC). International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is another such venture to dwarf the Chinese BRI. In collaboration with the Group of 20 (G20), New Delhi unveiled another connectivity initiative – India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) as an alternative to the BRI. The paper concludes that although India is eager to compete with China, it does not have enough resources to match China’s regarding investing and implementing mega infrastructure projects.

Reintegration of Urban Built Heritage for the Socio-cultural Sustainability in Pakistan: Case of Nadira Begum’s Tomb in Lahore

Asia Jabeen — 2024-03-19

The research article is an effort to explore the socio-cultural benefits of the reintegration of the open urban spaces around the historic monuments. In the Mughal period, tomb construction got the principal significance and the Royal tomb was constructed amid the spacious gardens. The selected case study, the Tomb of Nadira Begum, is a royal tomb, which was constructed in a sunken water tank. During the British period, the tank was filled and transformed in the garden. The Tomb was declared as a protected monument in 1956 and restored by the Archaeology Department in 2020. Now, the garden around the tomb has been transformed into a recreational place. Site surveys and pictorial surveys have been conducted for the evaluation of the current status. Walk thorough analysis was done to identify the dynamics of the site. It has been concluded that there is a dire need to reintegrate the space around the royal tomb for the socio-cultural sustainability of the neighborhood communities.

Obstacles Faces by Emigrants with Migration Requirements; a Comparative Analysis of legal and illegal Emigration from Pakistan

Sadia Javed — 2024-03-20

This article highlights the importance of Migration to another country, which evolves around the process of shifting to another state legally permanently, and the impediments faced by the applicants due to the unlimited processing period. The World Population Review's survey reveals that the United States of America has the highest number of migrations globally is 50.6 million just in 2020 (Review, 2024). This paper will discuss the immigration procedure, complexities, and approval ratio of different visa categories specifically the United States of America's Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) ( U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, 2019). There is a need to curtail the unnecessary and hectic processing time of immigration petitions for the easement of applicants, due to unpredictable and lengthy processing time, many of the applicants expire or get demotivated to adapt to a new phase of life at later ages, while other opt for illegal migration by adopting a death trap route. Furthermore, in Pakistan, there is an enormous need for a well-equipped and widespread knowledge of migration procedures and inclusion of immigration laws at an academic level that evolves around the paramount changes in national curriculums to make it a subject leading to curtail the illegal emigration flow.

A Comparative Study on Mathematics Difficulties Faced by Male and Female Students at the Secondary Level

Minal Tanveer — 2024-03-31

This study looks at differences in mathematical challenges experienced by male and female students in the 9th and 10th grades in public secondary schools in Islamabad. The study takes a quantitative, descriptive approach and emphasizes geometry, algebra, and understanding of signs, symbols, and typical mathematical mistakes. The population was 5 schools and 500 students and the sample of study was 2 schools and 200 students. The questionnaire is used for data collection purposes. The descriptive statistics is used as an analysis technique. The data show that male students struggle more with mathematics, notably with sign changes, grabbing basic algebraic terminology, principles, and formula application. Female students, on the other hand, have less trouble with algebra but have no interest in studying mathematical patterns and struggle with mathematical assignments. Both genders meet equal difficulties with mathematical signs and symbols, while female students experience them more acutely. Furthermore, females are more likely than men to make errors in calculations involving carrying, order of operations, multiplication, division, unit conversions, and logarithms. Males, on the other hand, have a stronger interest in mathematics and are better familiar with numerous mathematical topics. The study emphasizes the need for gender-specific educational solutions to address these unique barriers and improve mathematics learning.

A Comparative Study on the use of ICT on Male and Female Students' Learning at Elementary Schools level

Sadaf Mazhar Alvi — 2024-03-31

Learning for education requires acquiring many sorts of information and either modifying or gaining new knowledge, behaviors, skills, abilities, and preferences. The study looks into elementary school' students' using ICT in their learning because technology is being used in every part of life, including education, and its usage is becoming more widespread and crucial for students. The aim of this study was the use of ICT on male and female students learning at elementary school levels. The study was descriptive, and the data was gathered using a quantitative method. The population was made up of students from Islamabad's public elementary schools male and female students of 7^th and 8^th grades. The findings also show that male students utilize ICT with confidence and are familiar with the tools. Male students frequently utilize the internet for both personal and academic purposes. In elementary school, male students utilize ICT to expand their knowledge and improve their digital skills. As a result, the majority of male students choose careers in software engineering and computer sciences. Female students are also less interested in using ICT than male students. The purpose of the study is comparison between of male and female students learning through ICT.